The Blockchain Technology in Scientific and Information Activities     

A.?A.?RyazanovaEmail author 《Scientific and Technical Information Processing》2018,45(2):70-74

The basic properties of the blockchain technology are discussed to allow informed decisions on its selection and use in scientific and information activities. Specific examples are given and the efficiency of this technology is analyzed.  相似文献   

The Information Nature of Culture     

A.?D.?UrsulEmail author 《Scientific and Technical Information Processing》2018,45(2):100-105

This paper explores the information nature of culture. It is represented as an extragenetic and nonorganizational information process and system. Information is regarded as a universal property of matter that is essentially associated with development processes and realizes various forms and ways of storage and circulation at various development stages of global evolution. The socio-cultural principle of exogenous accumulation, transmission, and transformation of information is analyzed in the context of the continuing growth of the information content of material systems on the superhighway of global-universal evolution. It is noted that the information concept of culture evolves into a new area of cultural studies, that is information and cultural studies, advancing our understanding of the nature of culture and cultural genesis.  相似文献   

Retrieving and classifying instances of source code plagiarism     

Debasis?GangulyEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Gareth?J.?F.?Jones  Aarón?Ramírez-de-la-Cruz  Gabriela?Ramírez-de-la-Rosa  Esaú?Villatoro-Tello 《Information Retrieval》2018,21(1):1-23

Automatic detection of source code plagiarism is an important research field for both the commercial software industry and within the research community. Existing methods of plagiarism detection primarily involve exhaustive pairwise document comparison, which does not scale well for large software collections. To achieve scalability, we approach the problem from an information retrieval (IR) perspective. We retrieve a ranked list of candidate documents in response to a pseudo-query representation constructed from each source code document in the collection. The challenge in source code document retrieval is that the standard bag-of-words (BoW) representation model for such documents is likely to result in many false positives being retrieved, because of the use of identical programming language specific constructs and keywords. To address this problem, we make use of an abstract syntax tree (AST) representation of the source code documents. While the IR approach is efficient, it is essentially unsupervised in nature. To further improve its effectiveness, we apply a supervised classifier (pre-trained with features extracted from sample plagiarized source code pairs) on the top ranked retrieved documents. We report experiments on the SOCO-2014 dataset comprising 12K Java source files with almost 1M lines of code. Our experiments confirm that the AST based approach produces significantly better retrieval effectiveness than a standard BoW representation, i.e., the AST based approach is able to identify a higher number of plagiarized source code documents at top ranks in response to a query source code document. The supervised classifier, trained on features extracted from sample plagiarized source code pairs, is shown to effectively filter and thus further improve the ranked list of retrieved candidate plagiarized documents.  相似文献   

Picture it in your mind: generating high level visual representations from textual descriptions     

Fabio?Carrara  Andrea?EsuliEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Tiziano?Fagni  Fabrizio?Falchi  Alejandro?Moreo Fernández 《Information Retrieval》2018,21(2-3):208-229

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Practical Applications as a Source of Credibility: A Comparison of Three Fields of Dutch Academic Chemistry     

Laurens?K.?HesselsEmail author  Harro?van?Lente 《Minerva》2011,49(2):215-240

In many Western science systems, funding structures increasingly stimulate academic research to contribute to practical applications, but at the same time the rise of bibliometric performance assessments have strengthened the pressure on academics to conduct excellent basic research that can be published in scholarly literature. We analyze the interplay between these two developments in a set of three case studies of fields of chemistry in the Netherlands. First, we describe how the conditions under which academic chemists work have changed since 1975. Second, we investigate whether practical applications have become a source of credibility for individual researchers. Indeed, this turns out to be the case in catalysis, where connecting with industrial applications helps in many steps of the credibility cycle. Practical applications yield much less credibility in environmental chemistry, where application-oriented research agendas help to acquire funding, but not to publish prestigious papers or to earn peer recognition. In biochemistry practical applications hardly help in gaining credibility, as this field is still strongly oriented at fundamental questions. The differences between the fields can be explained by the presence or absence of powerful upstream end-users, who can afford to invest in academic research with promising long term benefits.  相似文献   

访浙偶感     

大仓·裕  郑竹筠 《文化交流》2011,(1):15-17

2009年9月，我作为关西日中和平友好会访华团的一员，访问了浙江省。尽管我与中国的交往始于1991年初次访华之时，近20年的时光已经流走，但访问浙江省则还是首次。迄今为止的访华，多为友好交流和观光。此次则抱着明确的“商务访问”的目的，与15位企业界人士一起访浙。  相似文献   

Revolutions     

Daniel Asia 《Academic Questions》2014,27(1):111-115

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Composing History     

Daniel Asia 《Academic Questions》2017,30(2):232-236

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Bringing Pierre Bourdieu to Science and Technology Studies     

Mathieu?AlbertEmail author  Daniel?Lee?Kleinman 《Minerva》2011,49(3):263-273

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Gifted Education and Moral Psychology     

Guest Editor: Scott L. Hunsaker 《Roeper Review》2013,35(2)

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